2023
General information and occurrence
The entrepreneurs in Poland have recently paid their attention to the use of glauconite-bearing sediments (sands and silts with glauconite) which co-occur with feldspar-quartzitic and quartzitic sands deposits. The presence of iron oxides in glauconite makes him usable for the production of glass and vitreous shells of wide range of colors, the ceramic pigments, the colorful and vitreous ceramic or stone decorations. The mineral as a potential potassium source can also be used in agriculture as an slow-acting fertilizer with a significant content of the magnesium, iron and organic trace elements. Moreover, due to its chemical features it can be used in the technologies of water and sewage treatment – to remove the heavy metals contaminations.
The glauconite-bearing sediment has not been documented as a mineral raw material so far and therefore is not included in the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of the 1st of July 2015 (Journal of Laws 2015, Item 987) on the geological documentation of a raw material deposit, excluding a hydrocarbon field – the limit values of the parameters that define the deposit and its boundaries have not been defined. Thus – on the basis of the performed geological works – geologists documenting the glauconite-bearing sediment have initially determined the scope of the requirements for the glauconite-bearing sediment documentation. The criteria of the limit values accepted for the glauconite deposit in particular documentations varied, generally speaking they are as follows: the maximum documentation depth – 30 m; the minimum deposit thickness – from 2 to 5 m; the minimum glauconite content – 5-10% (for the Niedźwiada II deposit the average glauconite content >10% deposit was accepted); the minimum K2O content – 1.6% (only for the Niedźwiada III deposit). For the Gawłówka deposit the glauconite content in the sediment was not determined. Deposits of the glauconite-bearing sediments are documented in Lubelskie Voivodeship – Lubartowski county. The geological structure of this region (Górka Lubartowska) contains the Quaternary sands with the underlying Tertiary silts, sands and loams with glauconite of the Upper Eocene age (the so-called Parczew delta) in which the amber occurrence was stated.
Resources and output
Table 1 shows the current state of exploration and development of glauconite-bearing sediments deposits.
The anticipated economic resources of the glauconite-bearing sediments as of the end of 2023 amounted to 10.19 million m3, including 1.26 million m3 of glauconite. The anticipated economic resources decreased by 0.34 million m3 (it means by 3%), mainly as a result of approval of a new documentation (supplement) with recalculated resources for the Górka Lubartowska-Niedźwiada deposit, but also due to exploitation and losses. As of 31.12.2023, there were the following exploitation concessions issued for: the Górka Lubartowska IX, Górka Lubartowska-Niedźwiada, Leszkowice 1, Niedźwiada II and Niedźwiada III deposits. The economic resources of the glauconite-bearing sediments in Poland decreased by 0.53 thousand m3 (0.01%) in comparison with 2022 and amounted to 4,687.83 thousand m3, including 299.79 thousand m3 of glauconite (according to the information obtained from the concession holder – in a deposit development plan of the Leszkowice 1 deposit the glauconite resources have not been determined).
The amount of resources documented within particular deposits of the glauconite-bearing sediments together with the deposits state of development are presented in Table 2. In 2023, the exploitation from the Niedźwiada III deposit started – the output level amounted to 0.52 thousand m3.
Prepared by: Agnieszka Malon
2022
General information and occurrence
The entrepreneurs in Poland have recently paid their attention to the use of glauconite-bearing sediments (sands and silts with glauconite) which co-occur with feldspar-quartzitic and quartzitic sands deposits. The presence of iron oxides in glauconite makes him usable for the production of glass and vitreous shells of wide range of colors, the ceramic pigments, the colorful and vitreous ceramic or stone decorations. The mineral as a potential potassium source can also be used in agriculture as an slow-acting fertilizer with a significant content of the magnesium, iron and organic trace elements. Moreover, due to its chemical features it can be used in the technologies of water and sewage treatment – to remove the heavy metals contaminations.
The glauconite-bearing sediment has not been documented as a mineral raw material so far and therefore is not included in the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of the 1st of July 2015 (Journal of Laws 2015, Item 987) on the geological documentation of a raw material deposit, excluding a hydrocarbon field – the limit values of the parameters that define the deposit and its boundaries have not been defined. Thus – on the basis of the performed geological works – geologists documenting the glauconite-bearing sediment have initially determined the scope of the requirements for the glauconite-bearing sediment documentation. The criteria of the limit values accepted for the glauconite deposit in particular documentations varied, generally speaking they are as follows: the maximum documentation depth – 30 m; the minimum deposit thickness – from 2 to 5 m; the minimum glauconite content – 5-10% (for the Niedźwiada II deposit the average glauconite content >10% deposit was accepted); the minimum K2O content – 1.6% (only for the Niedźwiada III deposit). Deposits of the glauconite-bearing sediments are documented in Lubelskie Voivodeship – Lubartowski county. The geological structure of this region (Górka Lubartowska) contains the Quaternary sands with lying below them the Tertiary silts, sands and loams with glauconite of the Upper Eocene age (the so-called Parczew delta) in which the amber occurrence was stated. In 2022, there were 2 glauconite-bearing sediments deposit documented – Gawłówka and Niedźwiada Kolonia II. For the Gawłówka deposit the glauconite content in the sediment was not specify.
Resources and output
Table 1 shows the current state of exploration and development of glauconite-bearing sediments deposits.
The anticipated economic resources of the glauconite-bearing sediments as of the end of 2022 amounted to 10.53 million m3, including 1.30 million m3 of glauconite. The anticipated economic resources increased by 0.56 million m3 (it means by 6%), as the result of the Gawłówka and Niedźwiada Kolonia II deposits documentations. The glauconite resources increased by 0.02 million m3 due to the documentation of the Niedźwiada Kolonia II deposit. As of 31.12.2022, there were the following exploitation concessions issued for: the Górka Lubartowska IX, Górka Lubartowska-Niedźwiada, Leszkowice 1, Niedźwiada II and Niedźwiada III deposits. In 2022, there was an exploitation concession issued for the Leszkowice 1 deposit and the economic resources of glauconite-bearing sediments in Poland increased by 860.84 thousand m3 (22%) and amounted to 4,688.36 thousand m3, including 299.79 thousand m3 of glauconite (according to the information obtained from the concession holder – in a deposit development plan of the Leszkowice 1 deposit the glauconite resources have not been determined).
The amount of resources documented within particular deposits of the glauconite-bearing sediments together with the deposits state of development are presented in Table 2. In 2022, the exploitation from none of the glauconite-bearing sediments deposits was carried out.
Prepared by: Agnieszka Malon
2021
General information and occurrence
The entrepreneurs in Poland have recently paid their attention to the use of glauconite-bearing sediments (sands and silts with glauconite) which co-occur with feldspar-quartzitic and quartzitic sands deposits. The presence of iron oxides in glauconite makes him usable for the production of glass and vitreous shells of wide range of colors, the ceramic pigments, the colorful and vitreous ceramic or stone decorations. The mineral as a potential potassium source can also be used in agriculture as an slow-acting fertilizer with a significant content of the magnesium, iron and organic trace elements. Moreover, due to its chemical features it can be used in the technologies of water and sewage treatment – to remove the heavy metals contaminations.
The glauconite-bearing sediment has not been documented as a mineral raw material so far and therefore is not included in the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of the 1st of July 2015 (Journal of Laws 2015, Item 987) on the geological documentation of a raw material deposit, excluding a hydrocarbon field – the limit values of the parameters that define the deposit and its boundaries have not been defined. Thus – on the basis of the performed geological works – geologists documenting the glauconite-bearing sediment have initially determined the scope of the requirements for the glauconite-bearing sediment documentation. The criteria of the limit values accepted for the glauconite deposit in particular documentations sometimes varied slightly: the maximum documentation depth – 30 m (excluding the Górka Lubartowska-Niedźwiada deposit); the minimum deposit thickness – from 4 m (the Niedźwiada III deposit) to 5 m (to the Niedźwiada II deposit there was one borehole with the thickness of 2 m included); the minimum glauconite content – 10% (for the Niedźwiada II deposit the average glauconite content >10% deposit was accepted; excluding the Niedźwiada III deposit); the minimum K2O content – 1.6% (only for the Niedźwiada III deposit). Deposits of the glauconite-bearing sediments are documented in Lubelskie Voivodeship – Lubartowski county. The geological structure of this region (Górka Lubartowska) contains the Quaternary sands with lying below them the Tertiary silts and sands with glauconite of the Upper Eocene age (the so-called Parczew delta) in which the amber occurrence was stated. In 2021, there was another glauconite-bearing sediments deposit documented – Niedźwiada III, however, this time the glauconite content in the sediment was not specify.
Resources and output
Table 1 shows the current state of exploration and development of glauconite-bearing sediments deposits.
The anticipated economic resources of the glauconite-bearing sediments as of the end of 2021 amounted to 9.97 million m3, including 1.28 million m3 of glauconite. The resources increased by 0.94 million m3 (it means by 10%), as the result of the Niedźwiada III deposit documentation. However, the glauconite resources decreased by 0.02 million m3 due to the exploitation from the Górka Lubartowska-Niedźwiada deposit and as the result of significant exploitation losses. Since 2020 the Górka Lubartowska IX deposit has been the subject of an exploitation concession. In 2021, there were two another concessions issued for the Niedźwiada II and Niedźwiada III deposits and the economic resources of glauconite-bearing sediments increased nearly four-fold and amounted to 3,827.52 thousand m3, including 299.79 thousand m3 of glauconite.
The amount of resources documented within particular deposits of the glauconite-bearing sediments together with the deposits state of development are presented in table 2. The output, from only one exploited Górka Lubartowska-Niedźwiada deposit, was equal 54.67 thousand m3 in 2021, including 6.56 thousand m3 of glauconite.
Prepared by: Agnieszka Malon
2020
General information and occurrence
The entrepreneurs in Poland have recently paid their attention to the use of glauconite-bearing sediments (sands and silts with glauconite) which co-occur with feldspar-quartzitic and quartzitic sands deposits. The glauconite-bearing sediment has not been documented as a mineral raw material so far and therefore is not included in the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of the 1st of July 2015 (number of Polish act: Dz. U. 2015, Item 987) – the limit values of the parameters that define the deposit and its boundaries have not been defined. Thus – on the basis of the performed geological works – geologists documenting the glauconite-bearing sediment have initially determined the scope of the requirements for the glauconite-bearing sediment documentation. The criteria of the limit values accepted for the glauconite deposit in individual documentations varied slightly: – the maximum documentation depth – 30 m (excluding Górka Lubartowska-Niedźwiada deposit); – the minimum deposit thickness – 5 m (to Niedźwiada II deposit there was one borehole with the thickness of 2 m included); the minimum glauconite content – 10% (for Niedźwiada II deposit the average glauconite content >10% deposit was accepted).
The presence of iron oxides in glauconite makes him usable for the production of glass and vitreous shells of wide range of colors, the ceramic pigments, the colorful and vitreous ceramic or stone decorations. The mineral as a potential potassium source can also be used in agriculture as an slow acting fertilizer with a significant content of the magnesium, iron and organic trace elements. Moreover, due to its chemical features it can be used in the technologies of water and sewage treatment – to remove the heavy metals contaminations.
There have been 6 deposits of the glauconite-bearing sediments documented so far: Brzeźnica Leśna, Górka Lubartowska IX, Górka Lubartowska–Niedźwiada, Leszkowice 1, Niedźwiada II and Niedźwiada Kolonia I. All of these deposits are located in Lubelskie Voivodeship. The geological structure of the Górka Lubartowska area contains mainly the sands of the Quaternary age and lying below them the Tertiary silts and sands with glauconite of the Upper Eocene age (the so-called Parczew delta) in which the amber occurring was stated.
Resources and output
Table 1 shows the current state of exploration and development of glauconite-bearing sediments deposits.
The anticipated economic resources of the glauconite-bearing sediments as of the end of 2020 amounted to 9.03 million m3, including 1.30 million m3 of glauconite. The resources slightly decreased by 0.1 million m3 (it means by 1.1%), including the glauconite by 0.01 million m3, in comparison with 2019. It resulted from the exploitation of Górka Lubartowska-Niedźwiada deposit. In this deposit the glauconite-bearing sediments are the accompanying raw material for feldspar-quartzitic sands. There was also the exploitation concession issued for Leszkowice 1 deposit, however only the main raw material (quartzitic sands) is of the concession subject. In 2020, there was the exploitation concession issued for Górka Lubartowska IX deposit, in which glauconite-bearing sediments and sands were documented as the main raw materials and the economic resources for both of them were documented. Moreover, there was a new deposit development plan elaborated for Górka Lubartowska-Niedźwiada deposit increasing the economic resources in the deposit. Therefore, the economic resources of glauconite-bearing sediments in Poland increased more than 3 times and amounted to 1,004.26 thousand m3, including 123.96 thousand m3 of glauconite.
The amount of resources documented within particular deposits of the glauconite-bearing sediments together with the deposits state of development are presented in table 2. The output, from only one exploited Górka Lubartowska-Niedźwiada deposit, was equal 65.77 thousand m3 in 2020, including 7.89 thousand m3 of glauconite.
Prepared by: Agnieszka Malon
2019
General information and occurrence
The entrepreneurs in Poland have recently paid their attention to the use of glauconite-bearing sediments (sands and silts with glauconite) which co-occur with feldspar-quartzitic and quartzitic sands deposits. The glauconite-bearing sediment has not been documented as a mineral raw material so far and therefore is not included in the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of the 1st of July 2015 (number of Polish act: Dz. U. 2015, Item 987) – the limit values of the parameters that define the deposit and its boundaries have not been defined. Thus – on the basis of the performed geological works – geologists documenting the glauconite-bearing sediment have initially determined the scope of the requirements for the glauconite-bearing sediment documentation. The criteria of the limit values accepted for the glauconite deposit in individual documentations varied slightly: – the maximum documentation depth – 30 m (excluding Górka Lubartowska-Niedźwiada deposit); – the minimum deposit thickness – 5 m (to Niedźwiada II deposit there was one borehole with the thickness of 2 m included); the minimum glauconite content – 10% (for Niedźwiada II deposit the average glauconite content >10% deposit was accepted).
The presence of iron oxides in glauconite makes him usable for the production of glass and vitreous shells of wide range of colors, the ceramic pigments, the colorful and vitreous ceramic or stone decorations. The mineral as a potential potassium source can also be used in agriculture as an slow acting fertilizer with a significant content of the magnesium, iron and organic trace elements. Moreover, due to its chemical features it can be used in the technologies of water and sewage treatment – to remove the heavy metals contaminations.
There have been 6 deposits of the glauconite-bearing sediments documented so far: Brzeźnica Leśna, Górka Lubartowska IX, Górka Lubartowska–Niedźwiada, Leszkowice 1, Niedźwiada II and Niedźwiada Kolonia I. All of these deposits are located in Lubelskie Voivodeship. The geological structure of the Górka Lubartowska area contains mainly the sands of the Quaternary age and lying below them the Tertiary silts and sands with glauconite of the Upper Eocene age (the so-called Parczew delta) in which the amber occurring was stated.
Resources and output
Table 1 shows the current state of exploration and development of glauconite-bearing sediments deposits.
The anticipated economic resources of the glauconite-bearing sediments as of the end of 2019 amounted to 9.13 million m3, including 1.31 million m3 of glauconite. The resources increased by 3.57 million m3 (it means by 64%), including the glauconite by 0.47 million m3, in comparison with 2018. The growth was due to the documentation of 2 new deposits: Brzeźnica Leśna and Górka Lubartowska IX. Moreover, the resources level was also the result of the Górka Lubartowska-Niedźwiada deposit exploitation, which started in 2019. In this deposit, the glauconite-bearing sediments are the accompanying raw material for feldspar-quartzitic sands. There is also the exploitation concession issued for Leszkowice 1 deposit, however only the main raw material – quartzitic sands – is of the concession subject. The economic resources of glauconite-bearing sediments amounted to 0.31 million m3, including 0.04 million m3 of glauconite.
The amount of resources documented within particular deposits of the glauconite-bearing sediments together with the deposits state of development are presented in Table 2. The output, from only one exploited Górka Lubartowska-Niedźwiada deposit, was equal 14.34 thousand m3 in 2019, including 1.72 thousand m3 of glauconite.
Prepared by: Agnieszka Malon
2018
The entrepreneurs in Poland have recently paid their attention to the use of glauconite-bearing sediments (sands and silts with glauconite) which co-occur with feldspar-quartzitic and quartzitic sands deposits. The glauconite-bearing sediment has not been documented as a mineral raw material so far and therefore is not included in the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of the 1st of July 2015 (number of Polish act: Dz. U. 2015, poz. 987) – the limit values of the parameters that define the deposit and its boundaries have not been defined. Thus – on the basis of the performed geological works – geologists documenting the glauconite-bearing sediment have initially determined the scope of the requirements for the glauconite-bearing sediment documentation. The criteria of the limit values accepted for the glauconite deposit in individual documentations varied slightly: – the maximum documentation depth – 30 m (excluding Górka Lubartowska-Niedźwiada deposit); – the minimum deposit thickness – 5 m (to Niedźwiada II deposit there was one borehole with the thickness of 2 m included); the minimum glauconite content – 10% (for Niedźwiada II the average glauconite content >10% deposit was accepted).
The presence of iron oxides in glauconite makes him usable for the production of glass and vitreous shells of wide range of colors, the ceramic pigments, the colorful and vitreous ceramic or stone decorations. The mineral as a potential potassium source can also be used in agriculture as an slow acting fertilizer with a significant content of the magnesium, iron and organic trace elements. Moreover, due to its chemical features it can be used in the technologies of water and sewage treatment – to remove the heavy metals contaminations.
There have been 4 deposits of the glauconite-bearing sediments documented so far: Górka Lubartowska–Niedźwiada, Leszkowice 1, Niedźwiada II and Niedźwiada Kolonia I. Except of Niedźwiada II deposit, others were allocated from the already documented deposits: sand deposit – Górka Lubartowska and amber deposit – Górka Lubartowska. The geological structure of the Górka Lubartowska area contains mainly the sands of the Quaternary age and lying below them the Tertiary silts and sands with glauconite of the Upper Eocene age (the so-called Parczew delta) in which the amber occurring was stated.
The amount of resources documented within particular deposits of the glauconite-bearing sediments together with the deposits state of development are presented in table 1. The anticipated economic resources of the glauconite-bearing sediments as of the end of 2018 amount to 5,559 thousand m3, including 843 thousand m3 of glauconite. In 2018 where was a concession for Górka Lubartowska-Niedźwiada deposit issued – the concession allows the exploitation of feldspar-quartzitic sands (as the main raw material in the deposit) and of sediments with glauconite and amber (as co-occurring raw material). The economic resources of the glauconite-bearing sediments, calculated in the deposit development plan, amount to 325 thousand m3, including 39 thousand m3 of glauconite. In 2018, the exploitation of the main raw material lying above the glauconite-bearing sediments deposit, started. There was also the exploitation concession for Leszkowice 1 deposit issued, however only the main raw material – quarztitic sands – is the concession subject.
Prepared by: Agnieszka Malon
2017
The entrepreneurs in Poland have recently paid their attention to the use of glauconite-bearing sediments (sands and silts with glauconite) which co-occur with feldspar-quartzitic and quartzitic sands deposits. The glauconite-bearing sediment has not been documented as a mineral raw material so far and therefore is not included in the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of the 1st of July 2015 (number of Polish act: Dz. U. 2015, poz. 987) – the limit values of the parameters that define the deposit and its boundaries have not been defined. Thus – on the basis of the performed geological works – geologists documenting the glauconite-bearing sediment have initially determined the scope of the requirements for the glauconite-bearing sediment documentation. The criteria of the limit values accepted for the glauconite deposit documentation are: – the maximum documentation depth (only Leszkowice 1 deposit) up to 30 m; – the minimum deposit thickness – 5 m; the minimum glauconite content – 10%.
The presence of iron oxides in glauconite makes him usable for the production of glass and vitreous shells of wide range of colors, the ceramic pigments, the colorful and vitreous ceramic or stone decorations. The mineral as a potential potassium source can also be used in agriculture as an slow acting fertilizer with a significant content of the magnesium, iron and organic trace elements. Moreover, due to its chemical features it can be used in the technologies of water and sewage treatment – to remove the heavy metals contaminations.
There have been 2 deposits of the glauconite-bearing sediments documented so far: Górka Lubartowska – Niedźwiada and Leszkowice 1, which were allocated from the already documented deposits: sand deposit Górka Lubartowska and amber deposit Górka Lubartowska. The geological structure of the Górka Lubartowska area contains mainly the sands of the Quaternary age and the Tertiary silts and sands with glauconite of the Upper Eocene age (the so-called Parczew delta) in which the amber occurring was stated.
The anticipated economic resources of the glauconite-bearing sediments as of the end of 2017 amount to 2,926 thousand m3, including 546 thousand m3 of glauconite.
Prepared by: Agnieszka Malon
Table 1. Glauconite-bearing sediments – million m3