Quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick

2022

Table 1 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete.

Table 1. Quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete amounted in 2022 to 135.79 million m³ (244.42 million tonnes – as recalculated according to the 1.8 factor). The resources decreased by 0.37 million m³ in comparison with the previous year due to the exploitation and exploitation losses. In 2022 any new geological documentations or supplements to such documentations were approved.

The anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete covered by a detailed exploration (A, B, C₁ categories) amount to 48.18 million m³ accounting for 35% of the total anticipated economic resources. The anticipated economic resources within exploited deposits are equal 21.08 million m³ (16% of the total anticipated economic resources).

The economic resources within exploited deposits amount to 9.54 million m³ (45% of the total anticipated economic resources of these deposits). Two abandoned deposits have still the economic resources determined (1.90 million m³) due to the valid exploitation concessions: Przygody (Mazowieckie Voivodeship), not exploited since 2014 (1,513.40 thousand m³) and Sułów (Dolnośląskie Voivodeship), not exploited since 2009 (390.75 thousand m³). In 2019 there was a new exploitation concession issued for the Łozienica-1 deposit (Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship) and the economic resources were established at 1,433 thousand m³. However, the output of this deposit has not started till 2022. In 2022, there were not new deposit development plans and supplements to such plans elaborated.

The output of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete from 8 deposits of the active plants totaled 372.14 thousand m³ (669.85 thousand tonnes) in 2022 and decreased in comparison with the previous year by 37.42 thousand m³ (by about 9%). It was the 4^th consecutive year with the output drop. The most significant output decline was recorded for the Józefów deposit (by about 60 thousand m³, threefold), the exploitation of the Puławy deposit was on hold, whereas the output from the Tuchorza deposit increased (by 14 thousand m³); regarding other exploited deposits, the output level remained stable.

Table 2 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick.

Table 2. Quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for the production of lime-sand brick in 2022 decreased by 0.68 million m³ and amounted to 261.76 million m³ (471.17 million tonnes). Such drop was the result of declines and increases of resources in particular deposits.

The resources drops were caused mainly by:

• the output (−329.01 thousand m³),
• crossing out the Mońki-Żodzie deposit (Podlaskie Voivodeship; −298.39 thousand m³) from ‘The balance…’ due to approval of a new documentation with recalculated resources (supplement No 2).

The resources growths resulted mainly from:

• the approval of a new documentation with recalculated resources (supplement No 2) for the Barcin-Piechcin-Pakość deposit (Kujawsko-Pomorskie Voivodeship; +33.27 thousand m³),
• the approval of a new documentation with recalculated resources (supplement No 2) for the Czostków deposit (Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship; +0.19 thousand m³).

The anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for the production of lime-sand brick covered by the detailed exploration (A, B, C₁ categories) are equal 134.34 million m³ accounting for 51% of the total anticipated economic resources of the given raw material. There are 44.92 million m³ of anticipated economic resources within exploited deposits that account for about 17% of total anticipated economic resources. The economic resources decreased by 0.57 million m³ mainly as a result of the following factors: the output (−329.01 thousand m³) and abolition of the exploitation concessions for the following deposits: Czostków (Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship; −93.40 thousand m³), Iława II (Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodeship; −49.42 thousand m³) and Teodory II (Łódzkie Voivodeship; −12.67 thousand m³).

In 2022, the output of quartz sands for the production of lime-sand brick was carried out from 10 deposits (the same number as in 2021) and amounted to 329.01 thousand m³ (592.22 thousand tonnes). It decreased in comparison with 2021 by 137.42 thousand m³ (nearly 30%). In 2022, the exploitation from the Iława II/1 deposit (Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodeship) started, from the Łękno JP deposit (Wielkopolskie Voivodeship) restarted, whereas the output was on hold in the following deposits: Augustowo (Mazowieckie Voivodeship) and Żytkowice 1 (Mazowieckie Voivodeship).

The total anticipated economic resources of quartz sands used in the industry for the production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick amount to 397.55 million m³ (715.59 million tonnes).

Figure 1 shows changes in resources and production of quartz sands for the manufacture of cellular concrete and Figure 2 – the same data for quartz sands for the manufacture of lime-sand brick.

 

 

Table 3. List of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick – thousand m³

The prognostic resources of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand products are assessed to be equal 82.64 million m³*. They are supposed to occur in Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Lubelskie, Łódzkie, Mazowieckie, Podlaskie, Śląskie, Świętokrzyskie and Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeships.

Prepared by: Agnieszka Malon

* Galos K., Miśkiewicz W., 2020 – ‘Piaski kwarcowe do produkcji betonów komórkowych (quartz sand for cellular concrete manufacture), piaski kwarcowe do produkcji wyrobów wapienno-piaskowych (quartz sand for lime-sand products manufacture), piaski podsadzkowe (filling sand)’. In: ‘Bilans perspektywicznych zasobów kopalin Polski wg stanu na 31.12.2018 r.’ (eds. Szamałek K., Szuflicki M., Mizerski W.): 309-313. PIG-PIB, Warszawa [in Polish].

2021

Table 1 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete.

Table 1. Quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete amounted in 2021 to 136.17 million m³ (245.11 million tonnes – as recalculated according to the 1.8 factor). The resources decreased by 0.92 million m³ in comparison with the previous year due to the exploitation (409.56 thousand m³), losses and crossing out the Długi Kąt II deposit (509.00 thousand m³) located in Lubelskie Voivodeship from ‘The balance…’. Except for the new documentation with recalculated resources (settlement supplement), in 2021 any other geological documentations or supplements to such documentations were approved.

The anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete covered by a detailed exploration (A, B, C₁ categories) amount to 48.41 million m³ accounting for 36% of the total anticipated economic resources. The anticipated economic resources within exploited deposits are equal 21.87 million m³ (16% of the total anticipated economic resources).

The economic resources within exploited deposits amount to 9.92 million m³ (46% of the total anticipated economic resources of these deposits). Two abandoned deposits have still the economic resources assessed (1.90 million m³) due to the valid exploitation concessions: Przygody (Mazowieckie Voivodeship), not exploited since 2014 (1,513.40 thousand m³) and Sułów (Dolnośląskie Voivodeship), not exploited since 2009 (390.75 thousand m³). There was a new exploitation concession issued for the Łozienica-1 deposit (Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship) and the economic resources were established at 1,433 thousand m³. However, the output of this deposit has not started till 2021. In 2021, there were not new deposit development plans and supplements to such plans elaborated.

The output of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete from nine deposits of the active plants totaled 409.56 thousand m³ (737.21 thousand tonnes) in 2021 and decreased in comparison with the previous year by 10.03 thousand m³ (by about 2.39%). It was the 3rd consecutive year with the output drop. The most significant output decline was recorded for the Puławy deposit (by about 30 thousand m³), slightly lower drops took place for the Mierzyn and Lidzbark Welski deposits. The exploitation level remained stable for five deposits in comparison with 2020, whereas the output increased almost 2-fold from the Józefów deposit.

Table 2 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick.

Table 2. Quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for the production of lime-sand brick slightly decreased by 0.08 million m³ and amounted to 262.44 million m³ (472.39 million tonnes). Such drop was the result of declines and increases of resources in particular deposits.

The resources drops were caused mainly by:

• the output (−466.43 thousand m³),
• crossing out the Czostków-1 deposit (Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship; −15.16 thousand m³) from ‘The balance…’ due to approval of a new documentation with recalculated resources (supplement No. 1),
• the correction of resources in a mining report of the Czostków deposit (Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship) covering 2020 (−5.71 thousand m³),
• the approval of a new documentation with recalculated resources (supplement No 3) for the Teodory II deposit (Łódzkie Voivodeship; −1.97 thousand m³).

The resources growths resulted mainly from:

• the approval of a new documentation with recalculated resources (supplement No 3) for the Żabinko deposit (Wielkopolskie Voivodeship; +158.58 thousand m³),
• the documentation of a new deposit Czostków III (Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship; +141.57 thousand m³),
• the resources correction (+115 thousand m³) in a mining report of the Augustowo deposit (Mazowieckie Voivodeship) covering 2021.

The anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for the production of lime-sand brick covered by the detailed exploration (A, B, C₁ categories) are equal 135.01 million m³ accounting for 51% of the total anticipated economic resources of the given raw material. There are 45.41 million m³ of anticipated economic resources within exploited deposits that account for about 17% of total anticipated economic resources. The economic resources increased by 1.22 million m³ mainly as a result of the following factors: issuing an exploitation concession for the Iława II/1 deposit (Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodeship; +1,419.23 thousand m³), the economic resources growth in the Żabinko deposit (Wielkopolskie Voivodeship; +156.71 thousand m³), the economic resources growth in the Augustowo deposit (Mazowieckie Voivodeship; +57.25 thousand m³) and the output (−442.73 thousand m³ – excluding the exploitation from two deposits for which the concessions were issued by the county mayor and therefore, the economic resources have not been determined).

In 2021, the output of quartz sands for the production of lime-sand brick was carried out from ten deposits (four fewer than in 2020) and amounted to 466.43 thousand m³ (839.57 thousand tonnes). It decreased in comparison with 2020 by 122.28 thousand m³ (more than 20%). In 2021, the exploitation from the Bełżec deposit (Lubelskie Voivodeship) restarted, whereas the output was on hold in the following deposits: Kulno-rej.Leżajska (Podkarpackie Voivodeship), Lesiów-Wincentów (Mazowieckie Voivodeship) and Czostków (Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship). An exploitation concession for the Słupsk II (Pomorskie Voivodeship) deposit extinct in 2021.

The total anticipated economic resources of quartz sands used in the industry for the production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick amount to 398.61 million m³ (717.50 million tonnes).

Figure 1 shows changes in resources and production of quartz sands for the manufacture of cellular concrete and Figure 2 – the same data for quartz sands for the manufacture of lime-sand brick.

 

 

Table 3. List of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick – thousand m³

The prognostic resources of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand products are assessed to be equal 82.64 million m³*. They are supposed to occur in Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Lubelskie, Łódzkie, Mazowieckie, Podlaskie, Śląskie, Świętokrzyskie and Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeships.

Prepared by: Agnieszka Malon

* Galos K., Miśkiewicz W., 2020 – ‘Piaski kwarcowe do produkcji betonów komórkowych (quartz sand for cellular concrete manufacture), piaski kwarcowe do produkcji wyrobów wapienno-piaskowych (quartz sand for lime-sand products manufacture), piaski podsadzkowe (filling sand)’. In: ‘Bilans perspektywicznych zasobów kopalin Polski wg stanu na 31.12.2018 r.’ (eds. Szamałek K., Szuflicki M., Mizerski W.): 309-313. PIG-PIB, Warszawa [in Polish].

2020

Table 1 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete.

Table 1. Quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete amounted in 2020 to 137.09 million m³ (246.76 million tonnes – as recalculated according to the 1.8 factor). The resources decreased by only 0.06 million m³ in comparison with the previous year due to the exploitation (419.59 thousand m³) and losses compensated by the documentation of a new deposit Wólka Gołębska located in Lubelskie Voivodeship with the resources equal 362.85 thousand m³.

The anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete covered by a detailed exploration amount to 49.24 million m³ accounting for 36% of the total anticipated economic resources. The anticipated economic resources within exploited deposits are equal 21.87 million m³ (16% of the total anticipated economic resources).

The economic resources within exploited deposits amount to 10.33 million m³ (47% of the total anticipated economic resources of these deposits). Two abandoned deposits have stille the economic resources recorded (1.90 million m³) due to the valid exploitation concessions: Przygody (Mazowieckie Voivodeship), not exploited since 2014 (1,513.40 thousand m³) and Sułów (Dolnośląskie Voivodeship), not exploited since 2009 (390.75 thousand m³). There was a new exploitation concession issued for Łozienica-1 deposit (Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship) and the economic resources were established at 1,433 thousand m³. Moreover, there were new deposit development plans elaborated for the following deposits: Puławy in Lubelskie Voivodeship (+298.22 thousand m³) and Piła-Jezioro Piaszczyste in Wielkopolskie Voivodeship (−2,252.14 thousand m³). The exploitation from Wilkaski deposit in Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodeship was finished.

The output of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete from 9 deposits totaled 419.59 thousand m³ (755.26 thousand tonnes) in 2020 and decreased in comparison with the previous year by 19.03 thousand m³ (it means by about 4.34%). It was the 2nd consecutive year with the output drop.The exploitation dropped from 7 out of 9 exploited deposits.

Table 2 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick.

Table 2. Quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for the production of lime-sand brick decreased by 0.73 million m³ and amounted to 262.52 million m³ (472.54 million tonnes). The resources decline was the result of the exploitation (0.59 million m³) and losses, the mineral raw material change (to sands, due to the degradation of the raw material qualitative parameters) in the new documentation with recalculated resources of Jedlanka II (Lubelskie Voivodeship) (−0.22 million m³) (the deposit was moved to the chapter ‘Sand and gravel’), and the approval of the new documentations with recalculated resources for the deposits located in Mazowieckie Voivodeship: Lesiów-Wincentów (−0.02 million m³) and Żytkowice (−0.14 million m³). The mentioned above drops were slightly compensated due to the approval of: the geological documentation of a new deposit Czostków II (Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship) (+0.03 million m³) and the new documentation with recalculated resources of Zielonka deposit (Kujawsko-Pomorskie Voivodeship) (+0.15 million m³).

The anticipated economic resources covered by the detailed exploration are equal 135.03 million m³ accounting for 51% of the total anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick. There are 47.65 million m³ of anticipated economic resources within exploited deposits that account for about 18% of total anticipated economic resources. The economic resources decreased by 0.59 million m³ due to the exploitation and the extinction of the concession for Mońki-Żodzie deposit.

In 2020, the output of quartz sands for the production of lime-sand brick was carried out from 14 deposits (1 less than in 2019) and amounted to 588.71 thousand m³ (1,059.68 thousand tonnes). It increased in comparison with 2019 by more than 30%. In 2020, the exploitation from Barcin-Piechcin-Pakość (Kujawsko-Pomorskie Voivodeship) restarted and the output from Augustowo deposit (Mazowieckie Voivodeship) began, whereas two deposits – exploited in 2019 – changed the state of development: Jedlanka II to ‘K’ (‘the change of raw material in the deposit’) and Mońki-Żodzie (Podlaskie Voivodeship) to ‘Z’ (‘abandoned deposit’) as the exploitation concession extinct in 2020.

The total anticipated economic resources of quartz sands used in the industry for the production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick amount to 399.61 million m³ (719.30 million tonnes).

Figure 1 shows changes in resources and production of quartz sands for the manufacture of cellular concrete and Figure 2 – the same data for quartz sands for the manufacture of lime-sand brick.

 

 

Table 3. List of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick – thousand m³

The prognostic resources of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand products are assessed to be equal 82.64 million m³*. They are supposed to occur in Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Lubelskie, Łódzkie, Mazowieckie, Podlaskie, Śląskie, Świętokrzyskie and Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeships.

Prepared by: Agnieszka Malon

* Galos K., Miśkiewicz W., 2020 – ‘Piaski kwarcowe do produkcji betonów komórkowych (quartz sand for cellular concrete manufacture), piaski kwarcowe do produkcji wyrobów wapienno-piaskowych (quartz sand for lime-sand products manufacture), piaski podsadzkowe (filling sand)’. In: ‘Bilans perspektywicznych zasobów kopalin Polski wg stanu na 31.12.2018 r.’ (eds. Szamałek K., Szuflicki M., Mizerski W.): 309-313. PIG-PIB, Warszawa [in Polish].

2019

Table 1 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete.

Table 1. Quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete amounted in 2019 to 137.15 million m³ (246.87 million tonnes – as recalculated according to the 1.8 factor). The resources decreased by 0.45 million m³ in comparison with the previous year due to the exploitation and losses. There were not new geological documentations or documentations with recalculated resources of quartz sands approved in 2019.

The anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete covered by a detailed exploration amount to 49.20 million m³ accounting for 36% of total anticipated economic resources. The anticipated economic resources within exploited deposits are equal 22.31 million m³ (16% of total anticipated economic resources). The economic resources within exploited deposits amount to 12.65 million m³ (57% of total anticipated economic resources of these deposits). Przygody deposit, located in Mazowieckie Voivodeship was recognized as abandoned as the exploitation ended in 2014. Nevertheless, the economic resources of this deposit are still recorded as the exploitation concession is still valid.

The output of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete from 9 deposits totaled 438.62 thousand m³ (789.52 thousand tonnes) in 2019 and decreased in comparison with the previous year by 15.97 thousand m³ (it means by about 3.5%). The exploitation dropped from 6 out of 9 exploited deposits.

Table 2 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick.

Table 2. Quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of sands for the production of lime-sand brick decreased by 0.98 million m³ and amounted to 263.25 million m³ (473.85 million tonnes). The resources decline was mainly the result of the exploitation and losses and the approval of the new documentation with recalculated resources for Trąbki deposit in Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship (−246.09 thousand m³). There were 2 deposits allocated from Trąbki deposit – feldspar-quartz Trąbki 1 deposit and quartz sands Trąbki 2 deposit. Moreover, there were Bystrzyca Oławska I deposit (Dolnośląskie Voivodeship) resources slightly corrected (−0.14 thousand m³) – due to the information on the output in 2018 sent by the concession holder. In 2019, there was also the name of Zielonka deposit corrected (the former name: Zielonka-Trzciniec) in Kujawsko-Pomorskie Voivodeship.

The anticipated economic resources covered by the detailed exploration are equal 135.59 million m³ accounting for 51% of total anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick. There are 43.60 million m³ of anticipated economic resources within exploited deposits that account for 17% of total anticipated economic resources. For 4 deposits, there was the state of their development changed from ‘exploited deposits’ (‘E’) to ‘exploited temporarily’ (‘T’) – due to the exploitation hold in 2019, whereas in 1 deposit the exploitation was restarted (the change from ‘T’ to ‘E’). The economic resources increased by 0.03 million m³, in spite of the ongoing exploitation, due to the new deposit development plans elaborated for Lesiów-Wincentów (+0.32 million m³) and Augustowo (+0.39 million m³) deposits. Both deposits are located in Mazowieckie Voivodeship.

In 2019, the output of quartz sands for the production of lime-sand brick was carried out from 15 deposits (3 less than in 2018) and amounted to 448.63 thousand m³ (807.53 thousand tonnes). It decreased in comparison with 2018 by more than 20%. The exploitation from Barcin-Piechcin-Pakość (Kujawsko-Pomorskie Voivodeship), Bełżec (Lubelskie Voivodeship), Teodory II (Łódzkie Voivodeship) and Iława II (Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodeship) was abandoned. On the other hand, the output from Lesiów-Wincentów deposit (Mazowieckie Voivodeship) was resumed.

The total anticipated economic resources of quartz sands used in the industry for the production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick amount to 400.40 million m³ (720.72 million tonnes).

Figure 1 shows changes in resources and production of quartz sands for the manufacture of cellular concrete and Figure 2 – the same data for quartz sands for the manufacture of lime-sand brick.

 

 

Table 3. List of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick – thousand m³

The prognostic resources of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand products are assessed to be equal 82.64 million m³*. They are supposed to occur in Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Lubelskie, Łódzkie, Mazowieckie, Podlaskie, Śląskie, Świętokrzyskie and Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeships.

Prepared by: Agnieszka Malon

* Galos K., Miśkiewicz W., 2020 – ‘Piaski kwarcowe do produkcji betonów komórkowych (quartz sand for cellular concrete manufacture), piaski kwarcowe do produkcji wyrobów wapienno-piaskowych (quartz sand for lime-sand products manufacture), piaski podsadzkowe (filling sand)’. In: ‘Bilans perspektywicznych zasobów kopalin Polski wg stanu na 31.12.2018 r.’ (eds. Szamałek K., Szuflicki M., Mizerski W.): 309-313. PIG-PIB, Warszawa.

2018

Sufficiently pure, fine-grained and well sorted sands of the Quaternary age are widely used for the production of cellular concrete and bricks and sand lime blocks in the whole area of Poland. These are river and eolian sands and sands of a glacial and fluvioglacial origin. Sands with the best quality and therefore the most suitable for the mentioned above purposes include mainly fluvioglacial and eolian sands characterized by a high silica content, a good grains segregation (the content of 0.05-0.5 mm grains should exceed 65%), a high degree of roundness of grains and a low content of the extraneous matter.

According to the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of the 1^st of July 2015 that establishes the limit values of the parameters that defines the deposit, the exploitable quartz sand deposit requires the thickness not smaller than 2 meters with the ratio of an overburden to deposit series not higher than 0.5, the maximum content of silts of 5% and the minimum content of quartz grains of 90%.

A clastic rock raw materials occurrence in Poland (including quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick) is presented on the map.

Table 1 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete.

Table 1. Quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete amounted in 2018 to 137.60 million m³ (247.68 million tonnes – recalculated according to the 1.8 factor). The resources decreased by 0.20 million m³ in comparison with the previous year mainly due to the crossing out Łozienica deposit (Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship) from ‘The balance…` (−1,396.10 thousand m³), the exploitation and losses. The drop was compensated by the documentation of new deposits: Działyń (Lubelskie Voivodeship) (+205.92 thousand m³) and Łozienica-1 (Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship) (+1 443 thousand m³).

Anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete covered by a detailed exploration amount to 49.51 million m³ accounting for 36% of total anticipated economic resources. Anticipated economic resources within exploited deposits are equal 24.27 million m³ (18% of total anticipated economic resources). Economic resources within exploited deposits amount to 14.58 million m³ (60% of total anticipated economic resources of these deposits).

The output of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete totaled 455 thousand m³ (818 thousand tonnes) in 2018 and increased in comparison with the previous year by 69 thousand m³. The exploitation grew from seven out of nine exploited deposits.

Table 2 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick.

Table 2. Quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of sands for the production of lime-sand brick decreased by 1.9 million m³ and amounted to 264.23 million m³ (475.61 million tonnes). The resources decline was mainly the result of Bełżec deposit (Lubelskie Voivodeship) resources correction (−1.19 million m³) due to the taking into account the new documentation with recalculated resources approved in 2017. Moreover, the resources dropped due to the exploitation and losses, the allocation of Dyle deposit (Lubelskie Voivodeship) from the sand deposit Kolonia Kąty (−0.10 million m³) on the basis of the new documentation (No 4), the resources settlement after the exploitation end for Pisz deposit (Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodeship) (−0.04 million m³). On the other hand, there was the new documentation elaborated for already documented Trąbki 1 deposit (Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship) and quartz sands from the deposit were reclassified to the group of sands. Therefore, Trąbki 1 deposit from this year’s edition onwards, will be presented in the chapter “Sand and gravel’.

Anticipated economic resources covered by the detailed exploration are equal 136.56 million m³ accounting for 52% of total anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick. There are 43.80 million m³ of anticipated economic resources within exploited deposits that account for 17% of total anticipated economic resources. Economic resources decreased by 0.91 million m³ and amounted to 22.05 million m³ – 50% of total anticipated economic resources of this raw material. There was only one supplement for a deposit development plan elaborated in 2018 – for Barcin-Piechcin-Pakość deposit. However, the document did not have any significant impact on the economic resources volume.

In 2018, the output of quartz sands for the production of lime-sand brick amounted to 561 thousand m³ (1,010 thousand tonnes) and slightly increased in comparison with 2017 (by 2%). The exploitation started from Czostków-1 deposit (Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship) and the output was resumed from: Czostków deposit (Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship) and Łęknica deposit (Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship). On the other hand, the exploitation from Bystrzyca Oławska I deposit (Dolnośląskie Voivodeship) and from Lesiów-Wincentów deposit (Mazowieckie Voivodeship) was suspended, whereas from Szlachta deposit (Pomorskie Voivodeship) was abandoned.

Total anticipated economic resources of quartz sands used in the industry for the production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick amount to 401.83 million m³ (723.29 million tonnes).

Figure 1 shows changes in resources and production of quartz sands for the manufacture of cellular concrete and Figure 2 – the same data for quartz sands for the manufacture of lime-sand brick.

Table 3. List of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick – thousand m³

Prepared by: Agnieszka Malon

2017

Sands are widely used in the production of cellular concrete and bricks and sand lime blocks in the whole area of Poland. A raw material suitable for that production has to be sufficiently pure, fine-grained and well sorted. These requirements are met by Quaternary sands of a glacial and fluvioglacial origin and river and eolian sands. Sands most suitable for these purposes include mainly fluvioglacial and eolian sands characterized by a high silica content, a good grains segregation (the content of 0.05–0.5 mm grains should exceed 65%), a high degree of roundness of grains and a low content of the extraneous matter.

According to the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of the 1^st of July 2015 that establishes the limit values of the parameters that defines the deposit, exploitable quartz sand deposits require the minimum content of quartz grains (90%), the maximum content of silts (5%), the thickness not smaller than 2 meters and the ratio of cover to deposit series not higher than 0.5.

A clastic rock raw materials occurrence in Poland (including quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick) is presented on the map.

Table 1 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete.

Table 1. Quartz sands for production of cellular concrete – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete amounted in 2017 to 137.80 million m³ (248.04 million tonnes – recalculated according to the 1.8 factor). The resources decreased by 5.45 million m³ in comparison with the previous year due to the resources correction of Studzienice deposit (−5.24 million m³) according to the regular verification of deposits in the MIDAS System, the exploitation and losses.

Anticipated economic resources within deposits covered by a detailed exploration amounted to 49.58 million m³ and account for 35.98% of total anticipated economic resources. Anticipated economic resources within exploited deposits amounted to 24.73 million m³ (17.95% of total anticipated economic resources). Economic resources within exploited deposits amounted to 15.02 million m³ (60.74% of total anticipated economic resources of these deposits).

The output of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete decreased in comparison with the previous year by 13.47 thousand m³ and totaled 385.91 thousand m³ (694.64 thousand tonnes). The exploitation dropped from 6 out of 9 exploited deposits.

Table 2 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick.

Table 2. Quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of sands for the production of lime-sand brick decreased by 1.94 million m³ and amounted to 266.13 million m³ (479.03 million tonnes). The drop was mainly the result of Jełowa deposit resources correction (−1.73 million m³) due to the regular verification of deposits in the MIDAS System, the exploitation and losses (−0.53 million m³). Other resources drops were connected with the approval of new documentations with recalculated resources (−0.21 million m³), including the crossing out the resources of Szczebra III deposit (Podlaskie Voivodeship) from ‘The balance…’. There were 2 new deposits of quartz sands for the production of lime-sand brick documented in 2017: Lesiów-Wincentów II (+0.37 million m³) located in Mazowieckie Voivodeship – documented within a new area; Czostków-1 (+0.06 million m³) located in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, which was allocated from already documented Czostków deposit. The resources growth was also caused by the extension of Lesiów-Wincentów deposit borders (+0.10 million m³) due to the approval of a new documentation with recalculated resources for this deposit.

Anticipated economic resources within deposits covered by the detailed exploration are equal 138.47 million m³ and account for 52.0% of total anticipated economic resources. There are 47.56 million m³ of anticipated economic resources within exploited deposits that account for 17.9% of total anticipated economic resources. Economic resources increased by 5.76 million m³ and amounted to 22.96 million m³ (48.28% of total anticipated economic resources). The growth was the result of a new deposit development plan elaborated for Bystrzyca Oławska I deposit (Dolnośląskie Voivodeship).

In 2017, the output of quartz sands for the production of lime-sand brick decreased by 103 thousand m³ and amounted to 550 thousand m³. The exploitation from Grabowo-Kruki, Grabowo-Kruki II (Mazowieckie Voivodeship) and Zielonka-Trzciniec (Kujawsko-Pomorskie Voivodeship) was suspended. The exploitation of Pasym, Pisz (Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodeship) and Szczebra III (Podlaskie Voivodeship) deposits was abandoned and the concessions were extinguished. The exploitation from Czostków (Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship), Łęknica (Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship) and Wieliszew (Mazowieckie Voivodeship) was still on hold, whereas from Bystrzyca Oławska I (Dolnośląskie Voivodeship) and Łękno JP (Wielkopolskie Voivodeship) started in 2017.

Total anticipated economic resources of quartz sands used in the industry for the production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick amounted in 2017 to 403.93 million m³ (727.07 million tonnes).

Figure 1 shows changes in resources and production of quartz sands for the manufacture of cellular concrete and Figure 2 – the same data for quartz sands for the manufacture of lime-sand brick.

Table 3. List of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick – thousand m³

Prepared by: Agnieszka Malon

2016

Sands are widely used in the production of cellular concrete and bricks and sand lime blocks in the whole area of Poland. A raw material suitable for that production has to be sufficiently pure, fine-grained and well sorted. These requirements are met by Quaternary sands of glacial and fluvioglacial origin and river and eolian sands. Sands most suitable for these purposes include mainly fluvioglacial and eolian sands characterized by a high silica content, a good grains segregation (the content of 0.05–0.5 mm grains should exceed 65%), a high degree of roundness of grains and a low content of extraneous matter.

According to the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of the 1^st of July 2015, exploitable quartz sand deposits require the minimum content of quartz grains (90%), the maximum content of silts (5%), the thickness not smaller than 2 m and the ratio of cover to deposit series not higher than 0.5.

A clastic rock raw materials occurrence in Poland (including quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick) is presented on the map.

Table 1 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete.

Table 1. Quartz sands for production of cellular concrete – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete in 2016 amounted to 143.25 million m³ (257.85 million tonnes – recalculated according to 1.8 factor) and slightly decreased (by 0.02 million m³) in comparison with previous year. The reason for this drop was the exploitation and the losses in exploited deposits and the enlargement of resources in Puławy deposit in a new documentation with recalculated resources approved for this deposit.

Anticipated economic resources within deposits covered by the detailed exploration amounted to 54.08 million m³ and account for 37.75% of total anticipated economic resources. Resources within exploited deposits amounted to 30.17 million m³ (21.06% of total anticipated economic resources). Economic resources within exploited deposits amounted to 18.55 million m³ (61.48% of total anticipated economic resources of these deposits).

The output of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete increased in comparison with the previous year by 37.95 thousand m³ and totaled 399.38 thousand m³ (718.88 thousand tonnes).

Table 2 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick.

Table 2. Quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of sands for production of lime-sand brick decreased by 2.19 million m³ and amounted to 268.07 million m³ (482.53 million tonnes). The drop was caused mainly by the approval of new documentations with recalculated resources for deposits: Iława II (−1.5 million m³), Szczypiec (−1.5 million m³), Bibianów (−0.4 million m³), Smolniki (−0.4 million m³), Żytkowice (−0.2 million m³) and Pasym (−0.1 million m³) – from these deposits there were new feldspathic-quartzitic deposits allocated (described in the chapter ‘Sand and gravel’). Szczypiec deposit was entirely reclassified as a feldspathic-quartzitic deposit. Moreover, the resources decline was a result of the exploitation and losses. There were two deposits of quartz sands for the production of lime-sand brick documented in 2016: Iława II/1 and Trąbki 2, which were allocated from Iława II and Trąbki deposits.

Anticipated economic resources within deposits covered by the detailed exploration are equal 139.83 million m³ and account for 52.2% of total anticipated economic resources. There are 39.63 million m³ within exploited deposits that account for 14.8% of total anticipated economic resources. Economic resources within exploited deposits amounted to 13.17 million m³ (33.23% of total anticipated economic resources).

In 2016, the output of quartz sands for the production of lime-sand brick increased by 31 thousand m³ and amounted to 653 thousand m³. The exploitation from Czostków (Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship), Łęknica (Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship), Pisz (Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodeship) and Wieliszew (Mazowieckie Voivodeship) is still on hold. The output from Słupsk II (Pomorskie Voivodeship) deposit was stopped in 2016.

Total anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for the production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick amounted in 2016 to 411.32 million m³ (740.38 million tonnes).

Figure 1 shows changes in resources and production of quartz sands for the manufacture of cellular concrete and Figure 2 – the same data for quartz sands for the manufacture of lime-sand brick.

Table 3. List of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick – thousand m³

Prepared by: Agnieszka Malon

2015

Sands are widely used in production of cellular concrete and bricks and sand lime blocks in the whole area of Poland. Raw material suitable for that production has to be sufficiently pure, fine-grained and well sorted. These requirements are met by Quaternary sands of glacial and fluvioglacial origin and river and eolian sands. Sands most suitable for these purposes include mainly fluvioglacial and eolian sands characterized by high silica content, good grains segregation (the content of 0.05–0.5 mm grains should exceed 65%), high degree of roundness of grains and low content of extraneous matter.

According to the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of the 1^st of July 2015, exploitable quartz sand deposits require a minimum content of quartz grains (90%), maximum content of silts (5%), thickness not smaller than 2 m and the ratio of cover to deposit series not higher than 0.5.

It should be stated that accuracy of prospecting and exploration of these sand deposits has been satisfactory. The deposits are fairly evenly distributed throughout the whole area of the country, except for the Carpathian Mts. In the latter region, resources of sand deposits (especially quartz sands of good quality) appear clearly insufficient to cover the local needs.

Clastic rock raw materials occurrence in Poland (including quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick) is presented on the map.

Table 1 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete.

Table 1. Quartz sands for production of cellular concrete – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete amounted to 143.27 million m³ (257.89 million tonnes – recalculated according to 1.8 factor), decreased by 0.56 million m³ in comparison with the previous year. The reasons for this drop were exploitation, losses (0.36 million m³) and crossing Wola Suchożebrska deposit out from ‘The balance…’ (0.20 million m³).

Anticipated economic resources within deposits covered by detailed exploration amounted to 53.98 million m³ and accounted for 37.68% of total resources and resources within exploited deposits amounted to 30.19 million m³ (21.07% of total resources).

Economic resources within exploited deposits amounted to 17.52 million m³ (58.03% of total anticipated economic resources).

Production of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete increased in comparison with the previous year by 42.55 thousand m³ and totaled 361.43 thousand m³ (650.57 thousand tonnes). The exploitation of Niegocin II deposit located in Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodeship was stopped and the exploitation from Przygody deposit in Mazowieckie Voivodeship is still on hold.

Table 2 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick.

Table 2. Quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of sands for production of lime-sand brick decreased by 0.66 million m³ due to the exploitation and losses and amounted to 271.26 million m³ (488.27 million tonnes).

Anticipated economic resources within deposits covered by detailed exploration are equal 142.21 million m³ and account for 52.4% of total resources. There are 42.51 million m³ within exploited deposits that account for 15.7% of total resources. Economic resources within exploited deposits amounted to 15.28 million m³ (35.94% of total anticipated economic resources).

In 2015, production of these quartz sands increased by 45 thousand m³ and amounted to 622 thousand m³. The exploitation of Jedlanka II deposit (Lubelskie Voivodeship), Grabowo-Kruki and Grabowo-Kruki II deposits (Mazowieckie Voivodeship) started again in 2015. Nevertheless, the exploitation from Czostków (Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship) and Żytkowice 2 deposits (Mazowieckie Voivodeship) was stopped in 2015.

Total anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick amounted in 2015 to 414.53 million m³ (746.15 million tonnes).

Figure 1 shows changes in resources and production of quartz sands for the manufacture of cellular concrete and Figure 2 – the same data for quartz sands for the manufacture of lime-sand brick.

Table 3. List of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick – thousand m³

Prepared by: Agnieszka Malon

2014

Sands are widely used in production of cellular concrete and bricks and sand lime blocks in the whole area of Poland. Raw material suitable for that production has to be sufficiently pure and fine-grained and well sorted. These requirements are met by Quaternary sands of glacial and fluvioglacial origin and river and eolian sands. Sands most suitable for these purposes include mainly fluvioglacial and eolian sands characterized by high silica content, good grains segregation (the content of 0.05-0.5 mm grains should exceed 65%), high degree of roundness of grains and low content of extraneous matter.

According to the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of the 22^nd of December 2011 (number of Polish act: Dz. U. Nr 291, poz. 1712.), exploitable quartz sand deposits require a minimum content of quartz grains (90%), maximum content of silts (5%), thickness not smaller than 2 m and the ratio of cover to deposit series not higher than 0.5.

It should be stated that accuracy of prospecting and exploration of these sand deposits has been satisfactory. The deposits are fairly evenly distributed throughout the whole area of the country, except for the Carpathian Mts. In the latter region, resources of sand deposits (especially quartz sands of good quality) appear clearly insufficient to cover the local needs.

Clastic rock raw materials occurrence in Poland (inlcuding quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick) is presented on the map.

Table 1 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete.

Table 1. Quartz sands for production of cellular concrete – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete amounted to 143.83 million m³ (258.89 million tonnes – recalculated according to 1.8 factor), decreased by 0.25 million ³ in comparison with previous year. There were two reasons for this drop – exploitation and losses. The only deposit with resources growth was Sułów where new documentation with recalculated resources (due to exploitation ending) was approved.

Anticipated economic resources within deposits covered by detailed exploration amounted to 54.43 million m³ and account for 37.84% of total resources and resources within exploited deposits amounted to 33.35 million m³ (23.19% of total resources).

Economic resources within exploited deposits amounted to 18.11 million m³ (54.3% of total anticipated economic resources).

Production of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete decreased in comparison with the previous year by 15 thousand m³ and totaled 319 thousand m³ (574 thousand tonnes). The exploitation of Sułów deposit located in Dolnośląskie Voivodeship and Przygody deposit in Mazowieckie Voivodeship was stopped.

Table 2 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick.

Table 2. Quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of these sands increased by 3.29 million m³ and amounted to 271.92 million m³ (489.46 million tonnes). There was ne deposit documented in 2014 – Łękno JP located in Wielkopolskie Voivodeship (+4,372 thousand m³). Łękno deposit has been presenting in ‘The balance…’ as sand and gravel deposit so far. However, the occurrence of quartz sands was also documented in the deposit and new documentation with two raw materials prepared. The resources growth was slightly reduced by exploitation and losses (−576 thousand m³) and by recalculated resources approved in new documentation prepared for Buczek Mały-Czyżkowo deposit (−460 thousand m³).

Anticipated economic resources within deposits covered by detailed exploration are equal 142.87 million m³ and account for 52.5% of total resources. There are 43.21 million m³ within exploited deposits that account for 15.9% of total resources. Economic resources within exploited deposits amounted to 15.64 million m³ (36.2% of total anticipated economic resources).

In 2014, production of these quartz sands increased by 58 thousand m³ and amounted to 577 thousand m³. The exploitation of Jedlanka II deposit (Lubelskie Voivodeship), Grabowo-Kruki and Wieliszew I deposits (both of them located in Mazowieckie Voivodeship) was stopped in 2014 and the production from Teodory II deposit (Łódzkie Voviodeship) was started again.

Total anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick amounted in 2014 to 415.75 million m³ (748.35 million tonnes).

Figure 1 shows changes in resources and production of quartz sands for the manufacture of cellular concrete and Figure 2 – the same data for quartz sands for the manufacture of lime-sand brick.

Table 3. List of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick – thousand m³

Prepared by: Agnieszka Malon

2013

Sands are widely used in production of cellular concrete and bricks and sand lime blocks in the whole area of Poland. Raw material suitable for that production has to be sufficiently pure and fine-grained and well sorted. These requirements are met by Quaternary sands of glacial and fluvioglacial origin and river and eolian sands. Sands most suitable for these purposes include mainly fluvioglacial and eolian sands characterized by high silica content, good grains segregation (the content of 0.05-0.5 mm grains should exceed 65%), high degree of roundness of grains and low content of extraneous matter.

According to the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of the 22^nd of December 2011 (number of Polish act: Dz. U. Nr 291, poz. 1712.), exploitable quartz sand deposits require a minimum content of quartz grains (90%), maximum content of silts (5%), thickness not smaller than 2 m and the ratio of cover to deposit series not higher than 0.5.

It should be stated that accuracy of prospecting and exploration of these sand deposits has been satisfactory. The deposits are fairly evenly distributed throughout the whole area of the country, except for the Carpathian Mts. In the latter region, resources of sand deposits (especially quartz sands of good quality) appear clearly insufficient to cover the local needs.

Clastic rock raw materials occurrence in Poland (inlcuding quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick) is presented on the map.

Table 1 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete.

Table 1. Quartz sands for production of cellular concrete – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete amounted to 144.08 million m³ (259.34 million tonnes), decreased by 0.34 million m³ in comparison with previous year.

Anticipated economic resources within deposits covered by detailed exploration amounted to 54.62 million m³ account for 37.91% of total resources and resources within exploited deposits amounted to 34.10 million m³ (23.67% of total resources).

Economic resources within exploited deposits amounted to 18.85 million m³ (55.7% of total anticipated economic resources).

Production of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete totaled 334 thousand m³, being 21 thousand m³ lower than in the previous year. The exploitation of Przygody deposit (Mazowieckie Voivodeship) was started in 2013 whereas the exploiation of Łozienica (Kliniska) deposit located in Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship was stopped.

Table 2 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick.

Table 2. Quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of these sands decreased by 1.86 million m³ and amounted to 268.63 million m³ (483.53 million tonnes). There were two deposits crossed out of ‘The balance…’: Godzikowice deposit, with remaining resources equal 450 thousand tonnes, located in Dolnośląskie Voivodeship; Wasilków-Białystok deposit (Podlaskie Voivodeship) with resources equal 290.99 thousand tonnes. There were two recalculations of resources made and accepted for one already documented deposit – Żytkowice (Mazowieckie Voivodeship).

Anticipated economic resources within deposits covered by detailed exploration are equal 141.43 million m³ and account for 52.6% of total resources. There are 44.18 million m³ within exploited deposits that account for 16.4% of total resources. Economic resources within exploited deposits amounted to 18.48 million m³ (41.8% of total anticipated economic resources).

In 2013, production of these quartz sands decreased by 212 thousand m³ and amounted to 519 thousand m³. The exploitation of Teodory II deposit (Mazowieckie Voivodeship) was stopped in 2013 and there were significant drops in the volume of raw material exploited from Wieliszew I and Żabinko deposits.

Total anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick amounted in 2013 to 412.71 million m³ (742.88 million tonnes).

Figure 1 shows changes in resources and production of quartz sands for the manufacture of cellular concrete and Figure 2 – the same data for quartz sands for the manufacture of lime-sand brick.

Table 3. List of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick – thousand m³

Prepared by: Agnieszka Malon

2012

Sands are widely used in production of cellular concrete and bricks and sand lime blocks in the whole area of Poland. Raw material suitable for that production has to be sufficiently pure and fine-grained and well sorted. These requirements are met by Quaternary sands of glacial and fluvioglacial origin and river and eolian sands. Sands most suitable for these purposes include mainly fluvioglacial and eolian sands characterized by high silica content, good grains segregation (the content of 0.05-0.5 mm grains should exceed 65%), high degree of roundness of grains and low content of extraneous matter.

According to the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of the 22^nd of December 2011 (number of Polish act: Dz. U. Nr 291, poz. 1712.), exploitable quartz sand deposits require a minimum content of quartz grains (90%), maximum content of silts (5%), thickness not smaller than 2 m and the ratio of cover to deposit series not higher than 0.5.

It should be stated that accuracy of prospecting and exploration of these sand deposits has been satisfactory. The deposits are fairly evenly distributed throughout the whole area of the country, except for the Carpathian Mts. In the latter region, resources of sand deposits (especially quartz sands of good quality) appear clearly insufficient to cover the local needs.

Clastic rock raw materials occurence in Poland (inlcuding quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick) is presented on the map.

Table 1 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete.

Table 1. Quartz sands for production of cellular concrete – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete sands are of the order of 144.42 million m³ (259.96 million tonnes), decreased by 1.28 million m³ in comparison with previous year.

Economic resources within exploited deposits amounted to 19.11 million m³ (55.7% of total anticipated economic resources).

Production of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete totaled 355 thousand m³, being 59 thousand m³ lower than in the previous year.

Table 2 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick.

Table 2. Quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of these sands increased by 0.03 million m³ and amounted to 270.49 million m³ (486.88 million tonnes). There was new deposit documented in 2012 – the Niwiska deposit (Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship).

Anticipated economic resources within deposits covered by detailed exploration are equal 143.30 million m³ and account for 53% of total resources. There are 46.48 million m³ within exploited deposits that account for 17.2% of total resources. Economic resources within exploited deposits amounted to 19.18 million m³ (41.3% of total anticipated economic resources).

In 2012, production of these quartz sands decreased by 49 thousand m³, to 731 thousand m³.

Figure 1 shows changes in resources and production of quartz sands for the manufacture of cellular concrete and Figure 2 – the same data for quartz sands for the manufacture of lime-sand brick.

Total anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick amounted in 2012 to 414.91 million m³ (746.84 million tonnes).

Table 3. List of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick – thousand m³

Prepared by: Agnieszka Malon

2011

Sands are widely used in production of cellular concrete and bricks and sand lime blocks in the whole area of Poland. Raw material suitable for that production has to be sufficiently pure and fine-grained and well sorted. These requirements are met by Quaternary sands of glacial and fluvioglacial orgin and river and eolian sands. Sands most suitable for these purposes include mainly fluvioglacial and eolian sands characterized by high degree of roundness of grains and low content of extraneous matter.

According to criteria of Polish classification of reserves/resources adopted in 2005 and to the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of the 22^nd of December 2011 (number of Polish act: Dz. U. Nr 291, poz. 1712.), exploitable quartz sand deposits require a minimum content of quartz grains (90%), maximum content of silts (5%), thickness not smaller than 2 m and the ratio of cover to deposit series not higher than 0.5.

It should be stated that accuracy of prospecting and exploration of these sand deposits has been satisfactory. The deposits are fairly evenly distributed throughout the whole area of the country, except for the Carpathian Mts. In the latter region, resources of sand deposits (especially quartz sands of good quality) appear clearly insufficient to cover the local needs.

Clastic rock raw materials occurence in Poland (inlcuding quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick) is presented on the map.

Table 1 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete.

Table 1. Quartz sands for production of cellular concrete – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of these sands are of the order of 145.69 million m³, increased by 2.90 million m³ in comparison with previous year. There was new deposit – Brzeziny-1 – documented in 2011 (1.14 2.90 million m³).

Economic resources within exploited deposits amounted to 19.46 million m³ (56.1% of total anticipated economic resources).

Production of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete totaled 414 thousand m³, being 17 thousand m³ bigger than in the previous year.

Table 2 shows resources and the current state of exploration and development of quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick.

Table 2. Quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick – million m³

Anticipated economic resources of the sand deposits remain at the level of 260-280 million tonnes since quite a few years. In the year 2011, resources of quartz sands for production of lime-sand brick decreased (by 2.47 million m³) and amounted to 270.46 million m³. There was new deposit – Żytkowice-1 – documented (147.9 million m³ of anticipated economic resources).

Economic resources within exploited deposits amounted to 21.58 million m³ (45.7% of total anticipated economic resources).

In 2011, production of these quartz sands increased by 169 thousand m³, to 780 thousand m³.

Figure 1 shows changes in resources and production of quartz sands for the manufacture of cellular concrete and Figure 2 – the same data for quartz sands for the manufacture of lime-sand brick.

Total anticipated economic resources of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick amounted in 2011 to 416.16 million m³ (749.08 million tonnes).

Table 3. List of quartz sands for production of cellular concrete and lime-sand brick – thousand m³

Prepared by: Alina Piotrowska